Apple treeThe apple of the Rosaceae family is one of the oldest fruits in the world. It is native to Southwest Asia and European countries. It has been found in the wild in most temperate regions of the world and on the coldest hills of the subtropics.
Recommended climatic conditions for apple trees:
During the active growing season, the average summer temperature should be about 21-24 C. The apple tree does best in areas where the trees have an uninterrupted winter rest and plenty of sunshine for a well colored and good quality production.
Apple trees can grow in a wide range of rainfall regimes from evenly distributed rains of 250-370 mm per year to heavy seasonal rainfall of 1250-1750 mm.
Hail can cause immense damage and can reduce the value of the crop by up to 80% and render the entire crop for processing.
Preferred soil type for apple trees:
Apple can be grown on a wide range of soils but grows best on well-drained loamy soils with a depth of 45 cm and a pH of 5.5 to 6.5. The soil should be free of hard substrates and waterlogged conditions.
• Optimal irrigation management
A young apple plant has a poorly developed root system and is highly vulnerable to long periods of drought. The presence of heavy weed infestation aggravates this situation. It is therefore essential to properly manage irrigation and weed control during the first season of planting.
The design of the irrigation system depends on the availability of water and the type of soil. The localized irrigation system ensures a better efficiency of water use and a better return on investment, especially in dry years, while reasoning the inputs according to the needs of the orchard and not only according to the calendar.
Water requirements become very important in the summer period, about two months before harvest. During this period, water stress must be avoided to avoid affecting production. Water stress conditions lead to poor fruit set, high fruit drop, low production and poor quality. Soil moisture should be kept close to field capacity and irrigation frequency should be increased after the fruit set stage.
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